Components of Population
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• Components of population change are births and deaths, immigrants and emigrants.

  Fertility and Mortality

• Fertility is the number of live births in a defined population. It is calculated using two main indices:
  • Crude Birth rate (CBR): the total number of live births / the total population x 100
  • Total Fertility Rate (TFR): the total number of live births / women of childbearing age(15-49) x 100
• Mortality is the number of deaths in a defined population. It is calculated using two main indices:
  • Crude Death Rate (CDR): the total number of deaths / the total population x 100
  • Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): the number of infant eaths / the number of live births x 1000

1. Religion: most major religions favour family development so very religious populations have a high fertility.
2. Social customs and taboos, eg as regards contraception
3. Education. There is an inverse relationship between education level and the number of children .

Other Notes in this Category

1. Age Structure
2. Components of Population
3. Factors affecting mortality
4. Malthus
5. Migration
6. Population Geography and Demography
7. Sex Structure
8. Spearman's Rank Correlation
9. Theories of Population

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