Peasant Farming and Agric. Backwardness
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French economic transformation held back by peasant agriculture – O’Brien slows introduction labour-methods in farming. Retarding growth of agricultural productivity – retard emigration of farming population in industrial occupations – slowing industrial expansion – if land holding capitalist system like England agric. Productivity higher – industrial profits and investment higher – as agric. Productivity weakened income and market for manufactures, high industrial wages weakened demand from abroad.

Idea that French economic backwardness due to small scale of peasant farming unexamined premise of scholarly and popular opinion – Bloch sees because greater protection royalty to peasants – Marx see English attempts to block Stuart attempts to block right to reclaim land – adverse effects on economic growth taken for granted – clinometric testing clusters around 3 manifestations:

1.        effects on migration

2.        effect on productivity

3.        persistence and consequences of open-field farming

Other Notes in this Category

1. Introduction
2. Migration and Agricultural Markets
3. paradox of pre-Revolutionary productivity
4. Peasant Farming and Agric. Backwardness
5. Persistence of the open-fields
6. Retardation in the age of Industry
7. Structural Hypotheses
8. The Cliometrics of French Retardation

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